What is mathematics? Professional mathematicians disagree. For schools, school boards decide the question.
What is history? Professional historians disagree. For schools, school boards decide the question.
What is political science? Professional political scientists disagree. For schools, school boards decide the question.
What is language? Professional linguists disagree. For schools, school boards decide the question.
Questions that the most practiced and learned professionals have difficulty agreeing on are usually decided in the United States of America by the least practiced and least knowledgeable of people.
This is crucially important in understanding a major development in American schooling: institutionalization.
Efficient productivity requires agreement on clearly defined goals and an organization’s activities must be prioritized to serve these goals.
Institutionalization occurs when concern in an organization shifts from efficiency to formality. From another point of view, institutionalization is the sacrifice of productive activities to political pressures.
To examine these issues further, see Controlling the School: Institutionalization
Cordially
--- EGR
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